Definition of the Fifth Metatarsal
The fifth metatarsal, also known as the metatarsal bone V, is the second shortest among the five metatarsals (with the first metatarsal being the shortest). Positioned at the proximal end of the fifth proximal phalanx, it can be palpated on the outer edge of the foot, below the smallest toe, with which it is associated. This metatarsal bone is equivalent to the fifth metacarpal in the hand.
Structure and Identifying Features
Similar to other metatarsals, it is a lengthy bone comprising a head, body (or shaft), and a base. Recognition of this bone is aided by the presence of a tuberosity situated laterally from the base, which is the externally visible portion referred to as the styloid process of the fifth metatarsal.
Connections
The proximal side or base of this bone features a triangular facet for connection with the cuboid. Medially, it joins with the fourth metatarsal.
At the distal end, its head connects with the fifth proximal phalanx.
Muscle Attachment
- The dorsal side of the base of the bone accommodates the insertion of the fibularis tertius
- The tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal serves as an insertion point for the fibularis brevis
- The plantar side of the bone’s base is the origin of the flexor digiti minimi brevis
- The medial side of the bone’s body is where the fourth dorsal interosseus and third plantar interosseus originate
Sources
- Metatarsal Bones – Kenhub.com
- Metatarsals – Radiopaedia.org
- Anatomy of the Foot – Arthritis.org
