Humans possess 25 bones in the thorax, which collectively safeguard various vital organs and furnish form and framework to the upper body. These bones collectively constitute the thorax, one of the most crucial structures in the human body.
Designations and Structure of the Bones in the Thorax
Bones of the Chest
Sternum (1): Also referred to as the breastbone, the sternum is a flat bone situated in the center of the thorax. Its primary role is to shield the heart. The bone comprises three parts – the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.
The sternum serves as the point of attachment for the costal cartilage, which directly connects it to the first seven pairs of ribs. It is also the site where the shoulder or pectoral girdle connects with the axial skeleton through an articulation with the clavicles.
Ribs (12 pairs, 24 total): The 12 pairs of ribs curve around the chest cavity to form the rib cage, which safeguards the lungs, heart, and liver. The rib cage also serves as the attachment point for crucial muscles such as the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. The ribs originate from the spinal cord in the back, where they form junctions with the thoracic vertebrae.
Sources
- Thoracic Bones Diagram and Functions – Healthline.com
- Bones of the Chest and Upper Back – Innerbody.com
- Bones in the Chest – Joionline.net
