Definisi: Apa Tulang Trapesium
Trapezium (Latin: Os trapezium) iku salah siji saka wolung balung carpal ing tangan manungsa [1], diklasifikasikaké minangka balung cendhak kaya kabeh balung bangkekan liyane [2]. Balung papat sisi sing bentuke sudut meh padha lan diwenehi jeneng saka trapezium wangun geometris [3]. Jeneng liya kanggo trapesium yaiku balung multangular sing luwih gedhe [4].
Endi Tulang Trapesium Dumunung
Dumunung tengen ing pangkal jempol, trapesium minangka balung pisanan (utawa paling lateral) ing baris carpal distal [5]. Dumunung ing antarane metacarpal pisanan, utawa balung paling ngisor ing jempol, lan scaphoid, kanthi trapesium ing sisihe [6, 7].
Tulang Trapesium
Pengembangan lan Osifikasi
Kaya kabeh balung carpal liyane, trapezium iku cartilaginous nalika lair, wiwit ossify (dadi katon ing x-ray) nalika bocah umur 4 nganti 6 taun, ing wektu sing padha karo scaphoid. lan trapesium [8].
Gambar Trapezium X-Ray
Anatomi lan Struktur Tulang Trapesium
Permukaan lan Artikulasi
Trapesium artikulasi karo rong balung carpal, scaphoid, lan trapezoid, uga karo balung metacarpal pisanan [7].
Permukaan proksimal trapesium, digabungake karo lumahing trapesium, mbentuk faset sing rada cekung kanggo artikulasi karo permukaan distal saka scaphoid [11].
Permukaan medial nduweni faset cekung gedhe sing artikulasi karo trapesium [7].
Permukaan distal mbentuk permukaan artikular cekung kanggo metacarpal pisanan utawa metacarpal jempol [9]. Iki mbentuk sendi carpometacarpal jempol utawa trapeziometacarpal joint [10]. Trapesium kadhangkala bisa artikulasi karo metacarpal driji indeks (metacarpal kapindho) uga, ing sisih Inferomedial [20].
Anatomi Permukaan Artikular Tulang Trapesium
Lahing lateral balung sing amba rada kasar, utamane kanggo nampung lampiran ligamen, dene lumahing dorsal alus lan ora duwe artikulasi utawa lampiran [7].
Permukaan palmar utawa volar nduweni lampiran otot utama [7], bebarengan karo alur trapezium [12], lan ridge bony utawa tubercle sing ana ing jejere [13].
Lampiran Otot
Otot fleksor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, lan abductor pollicis brevis muncul saka tuberkulum kasebut ing ndhuwur [4].
Lampiran Ligamen
Ligamentum kolateral radial ditempelake ing permukaan lateral balung [4], dene retinakulum fleksor, pita fibrosa sing mbentuk atap trowongan karpal, nempel ing loro-lorone alur ing permukaan palmar [14].< /p>
Panyedhiya Getih
Arteri radial nyedhiyakake pasokan getih primer liwat cabang distal, utamane liwat permukaan punggung non-artikular balung [4]. Amarga pasokan getih sing sugih lan terus-terusan, trapesium arang ngalami nekrosis avaskular [15], kondisi umum ing sawetara balung carpal liyane, kedadeyan amarga sirkulasi getih sing ora nyukupi.
Fungsi: Apa sing ditindakake Tulang Trapesium
Iki nduweni peran penting kanggo mbentuk sendi distal bangkekan lan njaga keluwesane. Sendi trapeziometacarpal utawa carpometacarpal jempol paling penting kanggo fungsi tangan. Siji-sijine sendi pelana ing awak manungsa [16], sing ngidini jempol bisa obah luwih bebas tinimbang driji, utawa bangkekan, saengga bisa nyekel obyek kanggo nindakake apa wae [10, 17].
Cedera Umum lan Kahanan Gegandhengan
Iki minangka salah sawijining balung bangkekan sing kurang umum, sing nuduhake kira-kira 4% saka kabeh balung karpal sing patah. Fraktur trapesium biasane kedadeyan bebarengan karo ciloko utawa patah tulang carpal lan metacarpal liyane, kaya ing kasus kacilakan serius [18].
Radang sendi pangkal jempol, diarani arthritis jempol basilar, berkembang nalika balung rawan ing sendi metacarpal trapezium-first dadi rusak. Ing kasus sing abot, perawatan bisa uga mbutuhake operasi mbusak trapesium [19].
Referensi
- https://www.osmosis.org/learn/Trapezium_(balung)
- https://www.visiblebody.com/learn/skeleton/types-of-bones
- https://www.dummies.com/education/science/anatomy/bones-of-the-wrist-and-hand/
- https://radiopaedia.org/articles/trapezium
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0023132/
- https://www.orthopedicsone.com/display/Main/Trapezium
- https://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/trapezium-bone
- http://sketchymedicine.com/2016/01/carpal-bone-ossification/
- http://www.mananatomy.com/body-systems/skeletal-system/carpal-bones-wrist
- https://www.jospt.org/doi/pdf/10.2519/jospt.2003.33.7.386
- https://classes.kumc.edu/sah/resources/handkines/bone/trapezium.html
- https://www.bartleby.com/107/pages/page225.html
- https://books.google.co.in/books?id=QFz-YOM0GCoC&pg=PA127&lpg=PA127&dq=trapezium+ridge+alur +tubercle&source=bl&ots=pUck5NwEZN&sig=pq_LtOrDUDkUescFbXVqJjoOtxc&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwimvvyG1YcAhuQeHD&amp;ved=0ahUKEwimvvyG1YcAhuQeHD&amp; q = trapesium%20 %20alur%20tubercle&f=palsu
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/carpal-tunnel
- http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/trapezium
- https://www.knowyourbody.net/saddle-joint.html
- https://www.joionline.net/trending/content/trapezium-and-first-metacarpal-joint
- https://www.uptodate.com/contents/trapezium-fractures
- https://medicine.umich.edu/dept/orthopaedic-surgery/patient-care-services-hand-upper-extremity/basilar-thumb-arthritis
- https://www.kenhub.com/id/library/anatomy/carpal-bones
